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100 year old Smith stocks crack because of recoil, not pressure. Actions loosen from the cumulative effect of both. Recognizing that pressure and recoil are entirely two different factors, we recommend that you use loads with pressure below 8500 psi, which is relatively easy with all the “low pressure, low recoil” commercial shells available today.
Recoil may be calculated using the follow formula:
http://www.10xshooters.com/calculators/Shotgun_Recoil_Calculator.htm
- 12 gauge, 2 3/4" (7/8 oz. at 1280 fps) 7.5 pound shotgun = 12.7 ft/lbs of free recoil
- 12 gauge, 2 3/4" (1 oz. at 1180 fps, 2 3/4 Dram) 7.5 pound shotgun = 17.3 ft/lbs of free recoil
- 12 gauge, 2 3/4" (1 1/8 oz. at 1200, 3 Dram) 7.5 pound shotgun = 23.0 ft/lbs of free recoil
Here are the results from actual pressure testing for comparison:
3 Dr. Eq. 1 1/8 oz.
Winchester Trap Load
1,202 fps 9,600 psi
AA Xtra-Lite 1 oz WAAL12
1189 fps 8000 psi
AA 'Low noise Low recoil' 15/16 oz
980 fps 6,200 psi
Sources for low pressure loads:
- Polywad 'Vintager'
- Gamebore shells are distributed by Target Loads USA (217/243-3727), Jacksonville,
Illinois
- Classic Shotshell Company,
Inc./RST, Ltd. has several 12 gauge low
recoil loads available
- Nobel
Sport has light 12 gauge 1 oz and 7/8 oz and 20 gauge 3/4 oz loads
- Fiocchi
'Ultra Low Recoil Training Loads' are usually in stock at Graf & Sons
- Remington has a 7/8 oz. 'Managed Recoil' load
- Winchester® WinLite™ Target Loads (AA12FL8) in 12 gauge with 26 gm (15/16 oz.) and 20 gauge with 7/8 oz.
- Rio produces a 12 gauge 1 oz subsonic load at 1050 fps and several
other low pressure loads
- New Era Ammunition
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